X-Nico

100 unusual facts about Georgia


1,837 Seconds of Humor

The back of the album cover contains an essay of biographical information of Stevens from his youth in his hometown of Clarkdale, Georgia to the time of this album's release and gives brief descriptions of all the songs on the album.

1887 Atlantic hurricane season

The storm continued northward, as a tropical storm, before dissipating late on July 28 near Augusta, Georgia.

1887 Detroit Wolverines season

On March 13, after training in Macon, Georgia‚ the Wolverines began a six-week exhibition tour through the South and Midwest.

2007 Pep Boys Auto 500

In that race, which was held in November, Alan Kulwicki drove his self-owned #7 Hooters Ford Thunderbird to his lone Winston Cup championship to edge hometown favorite Bill Elliott from nearby Dawsonville by ten points, even though Elliott won the race.

Andrew Jackson King

Andrew Jackson King was born in Cherokee Purchase Land in Union County, Georgia.

Atlanta in the American Civil War

We rode out of Atlanta by the Decatur road, filled by the marching troops and wagons of the Fourteenth Corps; and reaching the hill, just outside of the old rebel works, we naturally paused to look back upon the scenes of our past battles.

Augusta, Illinois

Catlin named Augusta after having a memorable visit to Augusta, Georgia.

Auraria

Auraria, Georgia, a town in Lumpkin County, Georgia, United States

Benjamin Fitzpatrick

Born in Greene County, Georgia, Fitzpatrick was orphaned at the age of seven and was taken by his sister (Celia Fitzpatrick Baldwin) to Alabama in 1815.

Benjamin Harvey Hill

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 7, 1972 and designated as a National Historic Landmark on November 7, 1973.

Beth Denisch

Beth Denisch (born Augusta, Georgia, Feb. 25, 1958) is an American composer.

Box End

Carter landed on the coast of what is now the state of Georgia and settled around what is now known as the city of Americus.

Braselton, Georgia

The town borders the city limits and shares a ZIP code with Hoschton.

Camp Juliette Low

Camp Juliette Low (CJL) is a private, non-proft summer camp for girls in Cloudland, Georgia.

Carl Vinson Institute of Government

CVIOG is a unit of the Office of Public Service and Outreach at the University of Georgia (UGA) in Athens, Georgia.

Center for Computational Chemistry

The Center for Computational Chemistry (CCC) is a research center in the department of Chemistry at the University of Georgia in Athens, Georgia, USA.

Charles Mercer Snelling

He taught mathematics there when he graduated, then at the Georgia Military Institute in 1885-86, as well as a 2-year stint teaching at South Georgia College in Thomasville.

Charles Pollard Olivier

From 1912 until 1914 he was professor of astronomy at the Agnes Scott College in Decatur, Georgia.

Claire Rochester

Her mother was Mrs Jannie Bryant Rochester, formerly of Gordon County, Georgia.

Claudine's Return

It was filmed almost entirely on the American island of Tybee Island, Georgia with a few shots from the surrounding areas.

Cole Swindell

Swindell grew up in Bronwood, Georgia and graduated from Georgia Southern University in 2007 (he still famously wears the Georgia Southern Eagle baseball cap in many public appearances).

Concord Banking Company

The Concord Banking Company was established on November 18, 1903 to serve the banking needs of Concord, Georgia.

Cornelia, Georgia

Riegel Textile built one of the region's first major industrial facilities in 1966 with what was then an ultra-modern, cutting edge textile mill designed by Bill Pittendreigh in then neighboring community of Alto, Georgia.

Dan Washburn

Prior to moving to Shanghai, Washburn was a sports writer for The Times in Gainesville, Georgia.

Daniel Greysolon, Sieur du Lhut

His name is sometimes anglicized as "DuLuth", and he is the namesake of Duluth, Minnesota as well as Duluth, Georgia.

Daniel Whitehead Hicky

Daniel Whitehead Hicky aka "Jack" was born in Social Circle, Georgia, and very shortly thereafter his parents moved to Memphis, Tennessee and Charlotte, North Carolina, where he was educated in private schools.

David Baulcombe

After his PhD, Baulcombe then spent the following three years as a post-doctoral fellow in North America, first at McGill University (Montreal, Canada) from January 1977 to November 1978, and then at the University of Georgia (Athens, Georgia, USA) until December 1980.

Eloy Fominaya

Eloy Fominaya, PhD (b. 10 Jun 1925 New York City; d. 8 Apr 2002, Augusta, Georgia), was an American contemporary composer, music educator at the collegiate level, conductor, violinist, and, as of 1985, a luthier.

Epps 1912 Monoplane

The Epps 1912 Monoplane was designed and built in 1912 by Ben T. Epps from Athens, Georgia.

Georgia State Route 31

After they leave town, they continue to the northwest and have a short concurrency with SR 107, a few miles south of Jacksonville.

Georgia State Route 7 Connector

Georgia State Route 7 Connector (Lowndes County): A former connector route of Georgia State Route 7 that existed in rural parts of Lowndes County, northwest of Valdosta.

Georgia State Route 90

In Junction City, it meets SR 96, and they run concurrent to a point just west of town.

Georgia, Georgia

Georgia, Georgia is a 1972 Swedish-American drama film directed by Stig Björkman.

Georgia's 24th state senate district special election, 2007

A special election was held in Georgia's 24th state senate district on June 19, 2007 to replace State Senator Jim Whitehead, who resigned from the seat to run for US Congress in Georgia's 10th congressional district's special election.

Georgia's 2nd congressional district

The district is also the historic and current home of President Jimmy Carter.

Georgia's 4th congressional district election, 2006

Johnson pointed out that McKinney has received large donations from donors from New York and Los Angeles, while most of his support had come from within the Congressional district.

Harbin Clinic

The Harbin Clinic now has more than 27 satellite offices throughout Rome, Adairsville, Bremen, Calhoun, Cartersville, Cedartown, Summerville, and Trion.

Henry Frederick Conrad Sander

This firm continued to operate until the 1970s, briefly moving from Summit to Lilburn, Georgia before being dissolved.

History of the Jews in Charleston, South Carolina

Among others who served in the field may be mentioned Jacob de la Motta, Jacob de Leon, Marks Lazarus, the Cardozos, and Mordecai Sheftall, who was deputy commissary-general of issues for South Carolina and Georgia, but who must be considered as a resident of Savannah, Georgia rather than of Charleston.

Hogzilla

Hogzilla was a male hybrid of wild hog and domestic pig that was shot and killed by Chris Griffin in Alapaha, Georgia, United States, on June 17, 2004 on Ken Holyoak's fish farm and hunting reserve.

Horatio Luro

He eventually acquired "Old Mill Farm" in Cartersville, Georgia, where he and his wife Frances raised their family.

Hydraulic mining

It was used extensively in Dahlonega, Georgia and continues to be used in developing nations, often with devastating environmental consequences.

Ira O. McDaniel

In the 1830s he lived in Monroe, Georgia with his wife Rebecca Walker (November 10, 1819 – April 19, 1854) where their son, Henry McDaniel, a future Governor of Georgia was born.

Jacob Broughton Nelson

Over the next few years, he oversaw the chartering of Phi Kappa chapters at the Emory University Academy in Oxford, Georgia (Gamma Beta) and at the Gulf Coast Military Academy in Gulfport, Mississippi (Mu Theta).

Jacob Snider

Originally from Montgomery Georgia, Snider later moved to Philadelphia, but died in poverty in Great Britain while attempting to recover promised compensation from the British government.

Jason Webster

Currently, Webster is the team Chaplin for the Atlanta Falcons and lives in Braselton, Georgia.

Jerry Vines

Before attending seminary, he pastored his first church, Centralhatchee Baptist Church, at the age of 16.

John Marshall Butler

At age 80, he died from a heart attack in Rocky Mount, North Carolina, as he and his wife were returning from a vacation on St. Simons Island in Georgia.

John Papworth

In the 1960s, he was imprisoned along with Bertrand Russell for anti-nuclear protests, and also was placed in Albany, Georgia mail for Civil Rights activities.

Johns Creek, Georgia

Another local city with this issue is Braselton which has its own ZIP Code and is still in five different ZIP Code areas.

Kate McTell

Ruthy (later changed to Ruth) Kate Williams (also sometimes billed as Ruby Glaze) was singing for a high school ceremony in Augusta, Georgia in 1933 when she was noticed by McTell, who regularly performed in the area.

Ken's Foods

Besides its headquarters in Marlborough, the company employs over 600 people in facilities located in McDonough, Georgia and Las Vegas, Nevada.

Kings Bay

Kings Bay, Georgia, a small town located in Camden County on the southern coast of Georgia

Manuel Maloof

Manuel Joseph Maloof (1924–2004) was the Chief Executive Officer and Commission Chairman of DeKalb County, Georgia, prominent Atlanta politician and owner of Manuel's Tavern, a popular Atlanta bar.

Mark Trail Wilderness

The Wilderness is located within the borders of the Chattahoochee National Forest in White, Towns, and Union counties, Georgia.

No No Never

Written and composed by Australian-born band member Jane Comerford, the unusual choice of country as the genre resulted in BBC commentator Terry Wogan asking jokingly and with a rough approximation of the appropriate accent "are we in Athens, Georgia?" at the end of the performance (the Contest was held in Athens, Greece).

Ockham, Surrey

After reaching Liverpool in 1850, following an arduous journey starting with a flight to freedom from Macon, Georgia, African-American slaves William and Ellen Craft were given a home by a parishioner in Ockham in 1851.

Perpetual Groove

From 2007 to 2012, Amberland was held at Cherokee Farms, just outside LaFayette in northwest Georgia.

Philip Miller

They were first planted on Sea Island, off the coast of Georgia, and hence derived the name of the finest cotton, Sea Island Cotton.

Pine Lake, Georgia

The corporation sold lots around a small fishing lake to Atlantans who lived in (then) faraway areas like Buckhead for use as a weekend retreat.

Please, Please, Please

In 1952, James Brown was released from a youth detention center in Toccoa, Georgia, after Bobby Byrd and his family sponsored him.

Rabun County School District

It serves the communities of Clayton, Dillard, Mountain City, Pine Mountain, Sky Valley, Tallulah Falls, and Tiger, Georgia.

Raven Cliffs Wilderness

The Wilderness is located within the borders of the Chattahoochee National Forest in White, Lumpkin, and Union Counties, Georgia.

Ray B. Sitton

Sitton was born in 1923, in Calhoun, Georgia, where he graduated from Sonoraville High School as valedictorian of the class of 1941.

Rich Golick

Golick is a member of several civic groups in his hometown of Smyrna, Georgia and practices law when the Georgia Assembly is not in session.

Rick Camp

Camp was born in Trion, Georgia, and was best known for hitting a game-tying 18th-inning home run on July 5, 1985, against the New York Mets' Tom Gorman; this was the only home run of his nine-season career.

Robert Sherrod

Robert Lee Sherrod was born on February 8, 1909 in Thomas County, Georgia.

Roswell Recreation and Parks

The Roswell Recreation and Parks is a municipal department serving the city of Roswell, Georgia.

Rufus M. Rose

Before the start of the American Civil War, Rose had studied medicine, received a diploma and moved to Hawkinsville, Georgia.

Sailing at the 1996 Summer Olympics

On account of this principle, the city of Savannah was chosen for the organization of the sailing events.

Sea Island

Sea Island, Georgia, an isolated resort island in Glynn County, Georgia

Selena Sloan Butler

Butler was born in Thomasville, Georgia to William Sloan and Winnie Williams on January 4, around 1872, just seven years after slavery was abolished.

Seth and Willie Fred

Seth and Willie Fred sometimes simply referred to as SWF, is a Comedy Rock, Country, Southern Rock, Parody band from Blakely, Georgia, formed in 2006.

Shelden Williams

According to an officer at the Douglasville Police Department, the suspects were in Williams' car and were attempting a robbery.

Shepherd's Hill Academy

Shepherd's Hill Academy (SHA) is a fully accredited and licensed therapeutic boarding school located in Martin, Georgia, USA, that provides year-round residential care and a private school for grades 6 through 12.

Sidney Stripling

At the request of Alan Lomax, in charge of the Archive of American Folk Song at the Library of Congress, John Wesley Work III of Fisk University recorded ten of Stripling's songs at the Fort Valley State College Folk Festival in Fort Valley, Georgia in March 1941.

Sounder

The boy hears his father may be in Bartow and later Gilmer counties but the author does not specify where the boy lives.

Susie Curry

Susie competes at 5'2" and 115 pounds, and currently lives in Bremen, Georgia where she co-owns a gyms and trains clients.

Taylor Hanson

After dating for two years, the two were married on June 8, 2002 at the Ida Cason Chapel in Pine Mountain, Georgia.

The Green Hand

Chapman appeared in the film version, whose cast consisted of students and faculty from the University of Georgia and the surrounding city of Athens, Georgia.

The Instruments

The Instruments is the musical project of Heather McIntosh, cellist in a number of Athens, Georgia groups including Circulatory System, Elf Power, and Japancakes.

Therm-All Insulation

These include the company’s Cleveland-based headquarters and branches in Lancaster, PA; Columbus, WI; Kennesaw, GA; Dallas, TX; Stockton, CA; Phoenix, AZ; and Kent and Spokane, WA.

Thomas Phelps

During the Battle of West Point on 16 April 1865 in West Point, Georgia, he prevented a large force of Confederate forces from joining with their main army.

Tim Worley

Police held Worley in custody on outstanding warrants from Arcade in Jackson County and Social Circle in Walton County.

Tina Tyus-Shaw

She worked a series of radio and television jobs in Macon, Georgia; North Carolina; and Columbus, Georgia, before settling in Savannah in 1992.

Tray Mountain Wilderness

The Wilderness is located within the borders of the Chattahoochee National Forest in Habersham, Rabun, Towns and White counties, Georgia and is managed in the Chattooga Ranger District.

USS Quail

USS Quail (AM-377) which was laid down by the Savannah Machine and Foundry Co., Savannah, Georgia.

Utinahica

A Spanish mission, Santa Isabel de Utinahica, was established in the chief town of the Utinahica on the Altamaha River, near the present site of Jacksonville, Georgia, in the first half of the 17th century.

Van Spence

Van must have had family in Savannah, Georgia because in November 1883, twenty-seven years after he had left the south, he took his family there for a visit.

Wayne Farms

Eventually, the company acquired processing plants in Danville, Arkansas, Laurel, Mississippi, Decatur, Alabama, Dobson, North Carolina, Pendergrass, Georgia, Enterprise, Alabama, College Park, Georgia and Dothan, Alabama.

WDNN-CA

The station also has two translators (repeaters): Chattanooga, Tennessee/Ringgold, Georgia's WRNG-LP (on channel 28), LaFayette, Georgia's WLFW-LP (on channel 41).

WDTA-LD

Originally W22AH on channel 22, it was licensed in 1988 to serve Columbus, Georgia, over 100 km away.

White Bluff

White Bluff, Georgia, a former community, now a part of Savannah, Georgia

Willard Nixon

A native of Taylorsville, Georgia, Nixon was signed by the Red Sox as a free agent out of the Auburn University.

William Harrell Nellis

He graduated from Las Vegas High School and subsequently joined the Army Enlisted Reserve Corps on December 9, 1942, training in Albany, Georgia.

William Jackson Brack

He married firstly to the former Olive Chancey (1838–1864) of Clinch County, Georgia, by whom he had two sons who died young.

WLGA

Its studios are located in Opelika, with its transmitter located in Cusseta, Georgia.

WNGH-TV

W04BJ Young Harris, Georgia, analog permanently off-air due to equipment failure since May 2008, was at a different location, and had the same facility ID (23945) as W12DK-D because it was flash-cut to digital when it was moved and changed TV channels

Xtranormal

In 2010, the short film Sleeping with Charlie Kaufman by director J Roland Kelly, animated entirely with Xtranormal, premiered at the Little Rock Film Festival and was shown at The Rome International Film Festival in Rome, Georgia.

Yahoo! Messenger

The story prompted several advertisers, including Pepsi and Georgia-Pacific, to pull their ads from Yahoo.


2003 Auburn Tigers football team

After consecutive losses to Ole Miss, led by Eli Manning, and Georgia, the Tigers concluded a disappointing regular season by defeating arch rival Alabama, 28–23.

2012–13 Georgian Ice Hockey League season

The 2012–13 Georgian Ice Hockey League season was the third season of the Georgian Ice Hockey League, the top level of ice hockey in Georgia.

Bakuriani

Georgia's flag-bearing athlete at the opening ceremony, alpine skiier Iason Abramashvili, also resides there; he has decided to compete to honor Kumaritashvili's memory.

Chase Osborn

The governor spent time at Possum Poke in Georgia, using at as a retreat and a place to write.

David Baazov

After the Sovietization of Georgia in 1921, Baazov, aided by his son, the leading Georgian-Jewish writer Gerzel Baazov, organized Jewish schools across the country and later founded the magazine makaveeli ("Maccabean") which was closed by the Soviet authorities during a crackdown on Georgian Jewish cultural institutions after the 1924 anti-Soviet August Uprising in Georgia.

David Devdariani

In 1992-1993, he began petitioning and working for the peaceful conflict settlement in Georgia’s breakaway region of Abkhazia.

Donald Burdick

In 1983, Governor Joe Frank Harris appointed Burdick as Georgia’s Assistant Adjutant General – Army, and he was promoted to Brigadier General.

E. B. Teague

During his role as a preacher, he served churches in Selma, Columbiana, Montevallo, Fayetteville, Jefferson County, Greene County, Alabama and LaGrange, Georgia.

Elizabeth Key Grinstead

Tara Grinstead, missing Georgia beauty pageant winner and high school teacher

Ellis Johnson

Ellis L. Johnson, Coca-Cola chair professor for Georgia Tech's School of ISyE

Emory College

Emory College, an academic division of Emory University, located in DeKalb County, Georgia, USA, in the Atlanta area

Eutaw

Eutaw Formation, a geological formation in the U.S. states of Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi

General Beauregard Lee

However, he did have one major miss: in 1993 he predicted an early Spring but Georgia was hit with a blizzard that crippled the Southeast for nearly a week and a half, sometimes called the "Storm of the Century".

Georgia Bulldogs football under Charles McCarthy

As the bill sat on the desk of Georgia Governor William Yates Atkinson, a letter that Gammon's mother, Rosalind Burns Gammon, had written to the state legislature was revealed.

Georgia Youth Symphony Orchestra

The Georgia Youth Symphony Orchestra is a conglomerate of several musical groups under the leadership of the Georgia Symphony Orchestra.

Georgia's 10th congressional district

Located in the eastern part of the state, the new district boundaries include the cities of Athens, Eatonton, Jackson, Milledgeville, Monroe, Watkinsville, and Winder.

H. Lawrence Gibbs

According to Richard Carlton Haney in his book Canceled Due to Racism, the impetus for Gibbs's bill was probably the preceding Sugar Bowl game in New Orleans in January 1956, when the University of Pittsburgh brought a black fullback, Bobby Grier, for the game with Georgia Tech of Atlanta, Georgia.

Haley Reinhart

On May 28, 2011, Reinhart and the other American Idol top 4 performed at the opening of the new Microsoft Store at Lenox Square Mall in Atlanta, Georgia.

House of Orbeliani

The Orbeliani were in possession of a large fief called Saorbelo or Saqaplanishvilo which comprised the southern part of the Baratashvili princedom (Sabaratiano), including much of the Ktsia and the Dmanisi valleys in what is now the Kvemo Kartli region of Georgia.

Jeff Mullis

He currently serves as the Northwest Georgia Joint Development Authority Executive Director (NWGAJDA.COM)and the Top of Georgia Economic Development Chairman.

John W. Bowen

He is the paternal grandson of John W.E. Bowen, Sr., former President of Gammon Theological Seminary in Atlanta, Georgia and Ariel Serena Hedges Bowen, former Professor of Music at Clark College in Atlanta.

Keselo

Keselo is a small medieval fortress just above the village of Omalo in Tusheti (historic geographic area in eastern Georgia).

Leith Harbour

In 1912 Leith Harbour was the site of the second introduction of Reindeer to South Georgia, an attempt that failed when the entire herd was killed by an avalanche in 1918.

Medical Center of Central Georgia

In 1960, the hospital became a member of the American Hospital Association, though it wasn't until 11 years later, in 1971, that the name was changed to The Medical Center of Central Georgia.

Merab Ratishvili

In April 2011, Thomas Hammarberg, Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe, visited Merab Ratishvili in Rustavi prison No.6 as part of a visit to Georgia to report on the administration of justice and level of protection of human rights in the justice system of Georgia.

Michael Succow

After 1990, Succow did consulting work in a number of former Warsaw Pact countries as well as in Central Asia and East Asia resulting in the designation of nature reservations (including a number of UNESCO world nature heritage sites) in Kamchatka, the Lena river delta, Karelia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia, Georgia, Russia and Belarus.

Morris Berthold Abram

As a civil rights activist, Abram was instrumental in ending the County Unit System of voting in Georgia, which many argued favored Georgia's rural, white population at the expense of its more urban black population.

Nellie Peters Black

Black's father, Richard Peters, moved from Pennsylvania to Georgia to survey the railroads, as he worked as a civil engineer.

North Fulton High School

Johns Creek High School — a high school established in 2009 in Johns Creek, Fulton County, Georgia, and temporarily referred to as the "North Fulton high school" during planning and construction

Oglethorpe Plan

Though seldom mentioned, notable vestiges of the Oglethorpe Plan can be found in the land use pattern surrounding Savannah; in the cities of Darien, Georgia; Brunswick, Georgia; and at Fort Frederica National Monument on St. Simons Island, Georgia.

Original Town of Fernandina Historic Site

During his invasion of north Florida, 1736–1742, the governor of the British colony of Georgia, James Oglethorpe, stationed a military guard of Scottish Highlanders on the site and named the island Amelia, after the daughter of King George II of Great Britain.

Petya Miladinova

She has played in "Thessaloniki conspirators," "In the Moon Room", "Confusion", "That's absurd," "The Importance of Being Earnest", etc. and participated in numerous theatrical performances of festival projects in countries of Europe such as Hungary (Budapest and Szeged), Georgia, Uzbekistan (Tashkent), Russia (Yaroslavl) Italy (Urbino and Rome), France (Avignon) and Romania (Iași).

Politics of Abkhazia

The Council of Ministers relocated to Georgia’s capital Tbilisi, where it operated as a de jure government of Abkhazia for almost 13 years.

Pontic Greek

Pontic is still spoken by large numbers of people in Ukraine: mainly Mariupol, but also other places in Ukraine such as Odessa and Donetsk, Russia (around Stavropol) and Georgia.

Q100

WWWQ, a radio station (99.7 FM) in Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Roswell King

Roswell King, Sr. had conflicts with Major Pierce Butler when he managed his island plantations in Georgia, because Butler took a more moderate approach to the treatment of slaves than King did.

Southern Belting Company Building

Located on Forsyth Street in downtown Atlanta, Georgia, United States, the Garnett Station Building was designed by the firm of Lockwood Greene and Company and completed in 1915.

Stephen I of Iberia

The exterior stone plaque of the church of the Holy Cross at Mtskheta, Georgia, mentions the principal builders of this church: Stephanos the patricius, Demetrius the hypatos, and Adarnase the hypatos who have traditionally been equated by the Georgian scholars with Stephen I, son of Guaram; Demetre, brother of Stephen I and Adarnase I.

The Haunting in Connecticut 2: Ghosts of Georgia

The Haunting in Connecticut 2: Ghosts of Georgia is a 2013 psychological horror film that serves as a brother film to The Haunting in Connecticut by Gold Circle Films.

Thomas M. Green, Sr.

Thomas received an interview with the Spanish Governor Manuel Gayoso de Lemos where he claimed the entire district for Georgia.

Vienna, Georgia

It is the birthplace of the late Georgia governor George Busbee and the late Hollywood film director Vincent Sherman.

Walden L. Ainsworth

On the night of 4–July 5, TF 18 moved up "the Slot" and bombarded Japanese positions at Vila on Kolombangara and at Baiko on New Georgia.

Walter George

Walter F. George (1878–1957), American politician from the state of Georgia

WAYS

WDEN-FM 99.1, formerly WAYS (FM), a radio station in Macon, Georgia, United States

World Athletes Monument

Martin Dawe of Atlanta, Georgia and Dick Reid of York, England were chosen to create the Atlas bronzes.

WPCH

WPCH-TV, a television station (channel 17 analog/20 digital) licensed to Atlanta, Georgia, United States

WRWR

WRWR-LD, a TV station (channel 38) licensed to Warner Robins, Georgia

Ya-ha Hadjo

Ya-ha Hadjo (Mad Wolf Georgia ? - March 29, 1836 Florida) was a member of the Creek Nation who avoided forced relocation to Indian Territory with his band by moving south to the Florida Territory where he joined with the Seminole and retained his position as chief.